Sulfadoxine - Fansidar - Maloprim - Falcidar Analysis

Sulfadoxine is a sulfonamide antibiotic used mainly in combination with pyrimethamine for the treatment and prevention of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. It is also used to treat certain bacterial infections.

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If you have any doubts about the origin of the drug, you should carry out an analysis to certify the presence of the active ingredient and check that its dosage complies with the indicated content.

Analysis

Sulfadoxine is analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled with UV-Visible spectrophotometric detection (HPLC-UV Visible).

Chemical name

• Chemical name: N'-(5,6-dimethoxy-4-pyrimidinyl)sulfanilamide
• Gross formula: C12H14N4O4S
• CAS number: 2447-57-6

Therapeutic class

Sulfadoxine belongs to the class of antibacterial and antimalarial sulfonamides used in combination with pyrimethamine to treat malaria and certain bacterial infections.

Description of therapeutic effects

Sulfadoxine acts by :

• Inhibits folic acid synthesis in parasites and bacteria, blocking their growth and multiplication.
• Works synergistically with pyrimethamine to reinforce its antimalarial effect.

Its main advantages are :

• Prolonged action, allowing single or short-dose treatment.
• Effective against sensitive strains of Plasmodium falciparum.
• Used as an alternative to other antimalarial drugs in certain regions.

Trade names

• Fansidar (sulfadoxine + pyrimethamine combination)
• Maloprim
• Falcidar

Main manufacturers

• Roche
• Sanofi
• Cipla
• GlaxoSmithKline
• Mylan

Precautions and side effects

Precautions for use

• High risk of hypersensitivity: do not use if allergic to sulfonamides.
• Monitoring required in patients with renal or hepatic insufficiency.
• Not recommended during pregnancy, except on medical advice.
• Do not administer to neonates or children under 2 months of age.
• Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight, as it may cause photosensitization.

Possible side effects

• Severe allergic reactions: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, severe rash.
• Digestive disorders: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain.
• Hepatotoxicity and hematological disorders: anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia.
• Kidney disorders possible, particularly in at-risk patients.

⚠️ Drug interactions :

• Do not combine with other sulfonamides to avoid the risk of cumulative toxicity.
• Caution with drugs affecting liver or kidney function.
• Interaction with oral anticoagulants, which may increase the risk of bleeding.